The Introduction
I’ve been reading Young Adult (YA) Fantasy for quite some time now, mostly because adult Fantasy just bores me out of my mind. It’s either swords and elves or fairies and lots of creepy sex, and guys? I just don’t need more of that in my life. I get enough of it in romance novels.
But I digress.
Anyway, I’ve been reading a lot of YA fantasy, and while there’s much that I love, there’s also much that I love to hate. It wasn’t until the other night, though, when I threw down a book in disgust whilst screaming, “God, not another Blond Eurasian!” that I realized I’d collected enough material to Dead Gay Husband the genre. And so, without further ado, a “loving” sendup of a genre that has given me so much joy and gotten so much money out of me.
The Omnipresence of Pallor.
Now, I come from a long line of Regency Romance readers, so I am used to loving descriptions of pallor. “Her creamy thighs,” and “her translucent skin,” and “her pale, milk-white shoulders,” are phrases that I read often enough that they should have ceased to creep me out by this point, but they never have. It’s just…weird to more or less write an ode to the Aryan nation during a sex scene. I’m sorry, but it is.
Ahem. Anyway, YA Fantasy isn’t that much different from Regency Romance in this respect. The heroine is always pale. ALWAYS. PALE. She may even go so far as to lament the fact that she cannot tan, can never wear shorts, can’t be viewed in direct sunlight, etc. Anyway, she is WHITE WITH THE WHITENESS THAT IS BLINDING IN ITS WHITENESS. No exceptions. YA Fantasy writers don’t even like, write a tan white girl. No, that honkey’s gotta look like crisco or we’re not in business.
The Sassy Black Friend
Since the heroine herself is whiter than white, the side characters need to pick up the slack in the racial diversity department. The hero, of course, can’t be in any way ethnic, but the heroine’s friends? Why, the heroine gets her own sassy black friend, all to herself!
The sassy black friend has a lot to bear on her shoulders. To begin with, she must provide both some much-needed color AND a much-needed reality check. She’s always the one to bring the heroine back down to earth, because she’s “street.” Because, you know, all black people come from impoverished urban environments. All of them. Every last one. Seriously. Go up to the next black person you see and ask them how they liked growing up in the ghetto. But be prepared to run if things get tense: they all have illegal firearms, too.
Sigh
Yes: either by accident or design, YA fantasy authors seem to be incapable of writing a black female character who is not a complete and utter stereotype. Oh, sure, there are exceptions, but by and large? If a black female character appears on the page, you know that she will A.) Become the female Protag’s best friend; B.) Counter the Heroine’s white, middle class naivety by being “street-smart”; and C.) Not be romantic competition in any way, shape, or form. In fact, although she will probably mention that the Hero is “fine” at one point or another, she will not so much as have a crush on him.
Ladies? Ladies who were once teenage girls? How damn likely is it that you and your best friend NEVER had a crush on the same boy? Not once? EVER? My best friends had the worst taste in boys EVER, we STILL overlapped at some points.
But I digress. Anyway, hateful, boring, asexual stereotype. But the heroine’s gotta have a friend who’s a little more worldly than she is, because she’s…
The Wee-est Superhero
You know, I love short people. Some of my best friends are short people. One of my grandfathers never got over 5′4″, so you know short people are close to my heart. And I’m not saying they can’t be bad-ass, because seriously: Grandpa owned a bar, and he occasionally dived over it to kick the ever-loving shit out of large drunks.
Don’t ever make a small Italian man angry—they’re scrappy.
Anyway, I love short people and they rock, but Our Heroine? She is always short in a way that’s…dainty. Precious. In other words, useless. She’s always all weak and tiny and pale and shit. And naïve. So naïve. With notable exceptions, our Heroine is almost always drug-free, sex-free, and remarkably life experience-free. Which is apparently why all the boys like her, because she’s essentially a blank slate on to which they can project their fantasies.
In a word: crap. In two words: misogynist bullshit. In three words—oh, hell, let’s move on to the examples of cultural imperialism, shall we?
Miles Standish Was a Werewolf
Now I can’t be certain, because American public schools don’t consider Native American cultures important enough to impart much information about them to students, but I’m pretty sure the indigenous peoples of North America had mythologies of their own. And yet, not a single YA fantasy novel deals with mythological creatures that are anything other than European in origin. Fairies? Check. Vampires? Check. Werewolves? Triple Check. We have got European folklore all up in this bitch, but actual Native American stories? Naw. And it’s weird, because there’s like…zero explanation for this. Oh, some half-assed attempts are made to explain that there are mentions of such creatures in “every mythology,” but come on. You can’t do a little research, maybe dig up something that’s indigenous to North America? You’re asking me to believe that magical creatures exist: fine, I’ll play. But you’re also asking me to believe that only the ones that originated in European legend do? That’s…lazy, Eurocentric, and very probably racist.
Also, seriously, we only have 8,000,000,000,000 books about teenage vampires, 4,000,000,000,000 about teenage werewolves, and 7,000,000 about MOTHERFUCKING FAIRIES. Wouldn’t it be nice to write about something that hasn’t been done to death already?
Superpowers Are Lame
Ahem. Onward. So anyway, the Heroine usually has some kind of superpower, and if she does? SHE IS NEVER HAPPY WITH IT. And although the whining about how lame her abilities are starts to grate after, oh, THE SECOND PAGE, I can’t say I blame her for being disappointed. Because while everyone else gets useful things like super-speed or super-strength or laser beams that shoot from their EYES, our Heroine can like, see dead people. Or fairies. Or like, knit really superfast.
Basically, our Heroine, while she might have a genuinely cool power, almost NEVER has one that’s any good in a fight. The author may talk it up, may even make it the key to the entire series, the One Way To End All Strife, but in the meantime? Our Heroine has to get rescued by every available super-powered gentleman or woman in the series, because she is useless in a fight. And since there’s pretty much ENDLESS FIGHTING in these books…
Very feminist of you, guys. Go ahead and make the heroine a sitting duck, why don’t you. Terribly progressive, yanno, to have a girl who’s “the key to everything” but can’t so much as throw a punch.
Out here it may be 2009, but in the world of YA fantasy? It’s always 1810.
The Ethnic Backup Love Interest
And speaking of it being 1810 in here…Our Heroine always has her twoo wub, but oftentimes, authors try to make things “interesting” by introducing another competitor for her affections. Since the actual Hero and Our Heroine are both white (hobvs), here’s yet another opportunity to incorporate some diversity!
It’s like these writers never stop to consider how it might look to young, impressionable people of all races and ethnicities to never have the Native American kid, or the black kid—wait, who are we kidding, the secondary love interest is never black. Um, anyway, as I was saying: how do you think it affects young readers to see that the non-white kid never gets the girl? I mean, first off you’ve made anyone who’s not white that much more alienated by these books (as if they hadn’t been already). But you’ve also just told white girls that it’s okay to crush on that Asian kid, but ultimately, you belong with another white person.
Nice reinforcement of social norms, people. Oh! And while we’re at it, thanks for reinforcing every ethnic or racial stereotype about the secondary love interest’s particular group of origin. Because, you know, making the Asian or Jewish kid ineffectual and vaguely asexual? Not at all offensive.
In conclusion: GAH.
Blond Eurasians
I don’t know what it is about YA fantasy authors, but they are EXTREMELY taken with the idea of blond Eurasians. It’s like they’ve read too much Phillip Pullman or something.
…actually, considering the genre they work in, that’s very likely. Anyway. Moving on.
So guys, I recognize that hair color isn’t exactly a punnent square type deal; I mean, my own parents—a blond and a guy with black hair—managed to produce another blond, a dark brunette, and me, the semi-redhead. So it’s definitely a combination of genes, not just BL/BL, BR/BR, or whatever. But, um…seriously? Nevertheless, there’s got to be a gene on both sides of the family for a recessive hair color to come through. If you’ve got one white, blond parent and one Asian, black-haired parent, the odds that you will end up being anything other than a brunette are…well, let’s just say they’re pretty laughable. And yet, blond-haired Eurasians abound in YA Fantasy. I know that their “abnormality” and their rareness is the point—you want something more “exotic” than just a plain ‘ol biracial kid. But. BUT.
Guys, I said this before in I Love My Dead Gay Husband II, and I’ll say it again: when you pull this atypically-blond shit, you’re trying to have a character of color who is not, in fact, anything other than white. That’s racist. It’s not exotic, it’s not interesting, it’s just…racist. You know what would be truly interesting and unusual in a YA fantasy novel? A biracial kid who was just…biracial. I know, it’s revolutionary, but it just might work!
In Conclusion
In conclusion, I love YA Fantasy. I love it more than I love Safeway cake, and that’s kinda like saying I love it more than I love taking communion, because the experiences are about equally holy. So yeah, I love it. But guys? Guys. We’ve got some things to work on. Please, give me a heroine who can kick some ass. Give me a heroine who’s not white. Who’s not short. Someone whose black best friend can snatch a guy out from under her nose because they are EQUALS and that means they are EQUALLY HOT. Gimme a biracial kid who’s not blond, and give me a story that focuses on magical creatures that aren’t straight out of the Brother’s Grimm. In short, give me something a little different. And give it to me fast, because I’m bored over here, and these Georgette Heyer novels can only hold me for so long.

Your wit with this post made me laugh so hard I cried. So true. So true. But like you, I love it too. I even write it, but don’t fret. My heroine happens to be biracial and kicks ass.
haha awesome…
i totally agree on many points…lol…
and now you make me feel guilty for making my character short… (she is white…but not pale…haha…) and her “twoo wub” is not white…thank you very much…lol… but i totally agree with everything you say… to an extent of course… i’m short, so i’m all for short characters… as long as they can kick ass too… all in all… love the post… and whenever i write a new story, i am probably going to come back and read this…lol…
TOO SHORT. I demand a part 2.
Also, wow, that whole eurasian blonde thing is hella weird. I see it all the time in manga, too. The half English kid is ALWAYS BLONDE. Or at the very least has blue eyes.
And, come on guys. We all know that dark hair and dark eyes are genetically dominant. I’m sure it happens occasionally, but it is NOT likely enough to have 50 billion tortured rebels who look perfectly Japanese save their blonde hair or blue eyes or both wandering around the country sweeping “plain” girls off their feet.
Also, I know that the author themselves may feel all plain and unloved, but writing about a heroine that is just as pathetic as you seem to THINK you or your audience are is just…lame. LAME.
But yeah. Awesome. GIVE MOAR.
Thank you. I don’t read YA but I do write paranormal romance. And I’m plotting one with a black heroine. When a satyr shows up for her she says something to the effect of he’s not even part of her people’s mythology.
I’m often guilty of the blue or green-eyed black character. I know several in my own town. (I blame Michael Ealy. Tell me he is NOT a hottie).
I used to believe dark hair and eyes were genetically dominant. Then I–brown hair and brown eyes, on both sides of the family for three or more generations–birthed three blue-eyed blonds. It’s not as straight forward as blood type. It’s a blending dominance with about 8 genes to turn on or off.
I want heroines who can kick ass and stand 6′ tall by the age of 14. Give me wendigos. And if you have to have little people in the US make them the Yundi Tsundi of Appalachia.
“It’s not as straight forward as blood type. It’s a blending dominance with about 8 genes to turn on or off.”
Yep, I know. Hence my semi-red-headedness, despite being the spawn of a blond and a brunette. I’m not saying it’s impossible, just that it’s highly improbable.
Your post made me laugh, because I was planning a YA series with a perfectly Aryan blond heroine who would tan awfully, and I mean, skin red and peeling and shit (until by the end of her adventures she’s gone all leathery from being in the sun too much), and a pair of recurring “ethnic” characters, one brown, one black, who’re lesbian pirate queens.
I s’pose it might be too much of a stretch of an imagination to ask kids to imagine that’s possible.
I don’t know anymore. But when I get back onto writing that series I’ll be reading this post again!
You had me at “lesbian pirate queens.”
Gah. Agreed on basically every point. There’s a lot of questionable YA fantasy out there.
BUT. Have you read any Tamora Pierce? Her stuff is fabulous. While there are still critiques to be made, she does a pretty darn good job of breaking a lot of the rules/tropes mentioned. Her female leads uniformly kick ass, for one, and generally enjoy their superpowers if they have any. And while her heroines are *mostly* white, she has written some interesting books based in non-European based countries, and Daja Kisubo (from her Circle of Magic series) is a pretty awesome lead. Her books are like a little island of awesome.
I was actually a huge fan of the Wild Magic books as a young teenager, and I pet the Trickster books every night before I go to bed. Never could get into the Alanna ones, though. I need to do a re-read of everything before I say anything, however, because I don’t think I’ve picked up a Pierce since I left college in 1894…
Re Miles Standish being a werewolf, a book rec: Joseph Bruchac’s Wabi. Pre-columbian Abenaki quest fantasy, in which our hero is a wereowl.
Oh, but I wish I had more than a single rec for you.
I wish you did, too. Nevertheless, that sounds awesome.
Wow,
This is not the YA fantasy I know.
And here I thought I’d been missing out on YA urban fantasy…
Would love to see your take on otherworld YA fantasy, since it’s got its own cringetastic cliches, general pallor aside.
Would also love to know what you’d say about something like Megan Whalen Turner’s “Queen of Attolia”.
Yeah, I guess I should have called it YA urban fantasy/romance. But precision is for people who know what they’re doing, and alas, I am not in their number.
And “Queen of Attolia” keeps popping up in my internet life, so perhaps I need to take that as a sign from the universe and read the goddamn thing already.
I was going to recommend Tamora Pierce, but it looks like someone else got there first. Mercedes Lackey is also good, and she has one book (or possibly series?) with the daughter of an Englishman and an indian woman (actual India), who looks Indian and is Indian, and it has Hindu mythology, and I don’t remember any love interests. And the girl kicks ass. Mercedes Lackey’s pretty cool.
Oh, and Terry Pratchett does /awesome/ adult fantasy that isn’t elves and swords or fairies and sex. Discworld. There are elves in like, one book, but they’re evil and the book focuses on stopping them from taking over our world. He also has a few YA books in the same series that are awesome.
The Xanth series by Piers Anthony is also pretty damned awesome if you don’t mind ridiculous amounts of puns, and A Song Of Ice And Fire by George R R Martin is good if you don’t mind how half the main characters die.
This is an excellent article, it brings my back to my YA-soaked childhood, particularly the Fairest Of Them All white chicks. Every! Single! One! There must be something in the water.
One thing I’d like to ask though– in your opinion, when does writing about other religions/mythologies become cultural appropriation? Particularly American Indian culture– everything I’ve seen about Wendigos, Skinwalkers, Thunderbirds etc included in fantasy by white people just sort of skimmed off the top and filled in the details they couldn’t bother to research with ‘lol mystical indians’. (Disclaimer: I am white and have some Wikipedia articles and a few books I picked up in an attempt to educate myself, so I’m more than likely wrong wrong wrong). I guess, in short, I’d feel weird lifting from Native American legends and then re-tooling them because they aren’t really mine to play with, if that makes any sense.
I get what you’re saying: I, too, would feel weird about playing in someone else’s sandbox, as it were (I don’t write a whole lot of fiction, so it’s not generally an issue for me personally). But at the same time…I think the most respectful thing you can do as a writer and as a person is to try to understand someone else’s culture and that culture’s mythologies. I think a lot of white writers throw up their hands and refuse to try because they’re afraid of getting it wrong or being disrespectful, and I understand that. But at the same time, if you immerse yourself in information about the culture and the mythology you’re borrowing from and you treat the people who created it as equals, not “noble savages” or inferiors, then there’s nothing more respectful that you could be doing. It’s just that you have to sit there and really interrogate yourself about what you’re doing and why, and that can be incredibly painful and reveal some ugly truths about yourself. Which is why most white people stick to writing about vampires.
t/y t/y– and lol at ‘that’s why most white people stick to writing vampires’– isn’t that the truth. It didn’t stop Stephanie Meyer from playing fast and loose with Quileute mythology, but no system’s perfect.
Did you hear about Patricia C. Wrede’s new book where she writes about ~magical American pioneers~, and decided that in order to prevent herself from writing anything incorrect about Native Americans, she leaves them out completely? They just…aren’t there? It broke my heart, I love Dealing With Dragons.
Oh, Smeyer. I will never, ever understand your inexplicable popularity.
As for Wrede–the story sounds familiar, although I didn’t realize that it was about her. Oh, good Lord, woman! Read a couple of goddamn anthropology books! ANTI-RACISM IS NOT ROCKET SCIENCE, PEOPLE.
Also, I will always love Sorcery and Cecelia. I’m sorry. It is precious and I clutch it to my heart at night.
another couple GOOD YA books for you (though one has no humans whatsoever. At least, not as characters.)
Fairies of Dreamdark: BlackBringer
by Laini Taylor (haven’t read the follow-up yet so no comment there)
And, startlingly, this set of books called T*Witches (short for twin witches xD awful I know)
American mutt looking twins, reddish hair, greenish eyes, one is tan because SHE DOES SPORTS xD
admittedly it’s chockfull of other cliches, including some shades of Lisa&Lottie long-lost twinses hating each other at first sight then becoming buddies, but it’s still a fun series.
Aren’t there disney movies called Twitches about twin (teenage, female) witches?
Sadly, yes. There’s also the famed Teen Witch, but you’re probably too young for that.
…I have a secret and shameful love of Lisa and Lottie.
Thanks for the reccs!